Abstract
The development of a sovereign state is understood by noting the indication of transition from a tribal state into an early state. Such transition in the past in the Indonesian Archipelago is well described by Mulavarman inscription from Kutai in East Kalimantan; one indication of a decisive step to establish the early state is observed when Mulavarman persisted in appointing himself king by defeating the neighbour's district heads and made them his vassals. On the other hand, in the following era, the oral tradition of Dayak Maanyan and Lawangan suggested there was a tribal state known as Nansarunai existed in the southeastern part of Kalimantan. It is mentioned that Nansarunai still professed animism and ancestor worship, yet they are not familiar with temples, altars or places of worship. Furthermore, based on the oral tradition, the formed state subsequent to Nansarunai was Nagara Dipa. This article examines the social-political condition prevailed during the sovereignty of Nagara Dipa compared to that of Majapahit in the 14th Century.
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Published in: Wasita et.al. (eds.). 2006. Naditira Widya. Archaeological Bulletin. Banjarbaru: Centre for Archaeology. Special Edition No. 15, April 2006: 24-34. ISSN 1410-0932. Accredited by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences
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